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Trade & Finance

Net ODA received (% of GNI)

Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).

World Bank code: DT.ODA.ODAT.GN.ZS • Data available for 146 countries • Latest year: 2023

In , Tuvalu led Net ODA received (% of GNI) at 81.15.

The world median across 130 reporting countries was 2.58.

What this measures: Net official development assistance (ODA) consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent).

How "Trade & Finance" indicators are measured

Trade and finance indicators are sourced from customs declarations, balance-of-payments statistics, and central bank reporting. Exports and imports are usually reported FOB (free on board) for exports and CIF (cost, insurance, freight) for imports, which means global exports and global imports rarely sum to zero. Foreign direct investment data can be volatile year-over-year because of one-off cross-border acquisitions.

Distribution — 2023

Reporting
130 countries
Median
2.58
Mean
5.66
25th percentile
0.58
75th percentile
6.27
Range
0.00 – 81.15

World at a Glance — 2023

Every reporting country, grouped by region, shaded by value (quintile).

East Asia & PacificCambodia: 3.82KHChina: 0.00CNFiji: 3.68FJIndonesia: 0.09IDKiribati: 20.08KILao PDR: 3.51LAMalaysia: 0.00MYMarshall Islands: 39.80MHMicronesia, Fed. Sts.: 25.91FMMongolia: 1.44MNMyanmar: 1.75MMNauru: 15.14NRPalau: 10.35PWPapua New Guinea: 2.42PGPhilippines: 0.38PHSamoa: 11.34WSSolomon Islands: 15.91SBThailand: 0.02THTimor-Leste: 11.33TLTonga: 20.35TOTuvalu: 81.15TVVanuatu: 11.81VUViet Nam: 0.20VNEurope & Central AsiaAlbania: 1.55ALArmenia: 0.87AMAzerbaijan: 0.18AZBelarus: 0.16BYBosnia and Herzegovina: 1.12BAGeorgia: 1.29GEKazakhstan: 0.03KZKosovo: 3.77XKKyrgyz Republic: 2.94KGMoldova: 6.19MDMontenegro: 1.20MENorth Macedonia: 2.75MKSerbia: 0.75RSTajikistan: 3.48TJTurkiye: 0.14TRTurkmenistan: 0.08TMUkraine: 20.90UAUzbekistan: 1.16UZLatin America & CaribbeanArgentina: 0.04ARBelize: 1.08BZBolivia: 1.50BOBrazil: 0.03BRColombia: 0.29COCosta Rica: 0.18CRDominica: 7.99DMDominican Republic: 0.58DOEcuador: 0.47ECEl Salvador: 1.57SVGrenada: 3.21GDGuatemala: 0.44GTGuyana: 1.04GYHaiti: 5.43HTHonduras: 1.73HNJamaica: 0.41JMMexico: 0.03MXNicaragua: 3.42NIPanama: 0.51PAParaguay: 0.54PYPeru: 0.23PESt. Lucia: 1.61LCSt. Vincent and the Grenadines: 1.98VCSuriname: 1.38SRVenezuela, RB: 0.39VEMiddle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & PakistanAfghanistan: 17.76AFAlgeria: 0.08DZDjibouti: 5.56DJEgypt, Arab Rep.: 0.13EGIran, Islamic Rep.: 0.05IRIraq: 0.74IQJordan: 5.59JOLebanon: 8.81LBLibya: 0.78LYMorocco: 0.54MAPakistan: 1.20PKTunisia: 2.61TNWest Bank and Gaza: 16.84PSSouth AsiaBangladesh: 1.25BDBhutan: 5.51BTIndia: 0.07INMaldives: 3.42MVNepal: 2.82NPSri Lanka: 1.02LKSub-Saharan AfricaAngola: 0.15AOBenin: 5.32BJBotswana: 1.46BWBurkina Faso: 7.56BFBurundi: 18.09BICabo Verde: 4.11CVCameroon: 1.97CMCentral African Republic: 27.25CFChad: 6.27TDComoros: 12.47KMCongo, Dem. Rep.: 6.42CDCongo, Rep.: 2.75CGCote d'Ivoire: 3.06CIEquatorial Guinea: 0.13GQEswatini: 2.56SZEthiopia: 3.99ETGabon: 0.29GAGambia, The: 14.61GMGhana: 2.08GHGuinea: 2.60GNGuinea-Bissau: 8.83GWKenya: 2.46KELesotho: 6.69LSLiberia: 13.67LRMadagascar: 8.07MGMalawi: 13.15MWMali: 5.41MLMauritania: 3.91MRMauritius: 0.60MUMozambique: 15.34MZNamibia: 2.30NANiger: 7.77NENigeria: 0.75NGRwanda: 9.87RWSao Tome and Principe: 12.46STSenegal: 6.27SNSierra Leone: 7.82SLSomalia, Fed. Rep.: 20.43SOSouth Africa: 0.40ZASudan: 3.47SDTanzania: 3.94TZTogo: 6.26TGUganda: 4.75UGZambia: 5.49ZMZimbabwe: 2.23ZW

Lighter = lower value · Darker = higher value. Hover a cell to see the country and value.

Highest Values — 2023

# Country Net ODA received (% of GNI)
1 Tuvalu East Asia & Pacific 81.15
2 Marshall Islands East Asia & Pacific 39.80
3 Central African Republic Sub-Saharan Africa 27.25
4 Micronesia, Fed. Sts. East Asia & Pacific 25.91
5 Ukraine Europe & Central Asia 20.90
6 Somalia, Fed. Rep. Sub-Saharan Africa 20.43
7 Tonga East Asia & Pacific 20.35
8 Kiribati East Asia & Pacific 20.08
9 Burundi Sub-Saharan Africa 18.09
10 Afghanistan Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 17.76

Looking for a specific country? Only the top and bottom 10 appear here. See where every country ranks for Net ODA received (% of GNI).

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Biggest Movers — Year over Year

Largest increases

Largest decreases

By Income Group — Average

Income group Countries Mean
High income 5 5.44
Upper middle income 53 4.39
Lower middle income 50 4.96
Low income 20 11.14
Not classified 2 2.19

By Region — Average

Region Countries Mean
East Asia & Pacific 23 12.19
Europe & Central Asia 18 2.70
Latin America & Caribbean 25 1.44
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 13 4.67
South Asia 6 2.35
Sub-Saharan Africa 45 6.57

Lowest Values — 2023

# Country Net ODA received (% of GNI)
1 China 0.00
2 Malaysia 0.00
3 Thailand 0.02
4 Mexico 0.03
5 Brazil 0.03
6 Kazakhstan 0.03
7 Argentina 0.04
8 Iran, Islamic Rep. 0.05
9 India 0.07
10 Turkmenistan 0.08
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Source: World Bank Open Data (DT.ODA.ODAT.GN.ZS), CC BY 4.0. Rankings show countries with available data for 2023.