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Environment

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita)

Total annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LULUCF, standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values divided by the economy's population. This measure excludes GHG fluxes caused by Land Use Change Land Use and Forestry (LULUCF), as these fluxes have larger uncertainties.

World Bank code: EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 • Data available for 203 countries • Latest year: 2024

In , Palau led Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) at 82.84.

The world median across 203 reporting countries was 2.55.

What this measures: CO2 emissions per capita measures carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion divided by population. It is a key environmental sustainability metric. Wealthier, more industrialized countries typically have higher per capita emissions, though this is changing as renewable energy expands.

How "Environment" indicators are measured

Environmental indicators cover emissions, land use, biodiversity, and natural resources. Emissions data is often produced by international scientific consortia (EDGAR, Global Carbon Project) and typically lags 2–3 years due to the complexity of fuel- and process-level accounting. Per-capita metrics reveal a different story than absolute totals — small wealthy countries can have high per-capita emissions while contributing little to the global total.

Distribution — 2024

Reporting
203 countries
Median
2.55
Mean
4.50
25th percentile
0.70
75th percentile
5.08
Range
0.00 – 82.84

World at a Glance — 2024

Every reporting country, grouped by region, shaded by value (quintile).

East Asia & PacificAmerican Samoa: 0.00ASAustralia: 14.10AUBrunei Darussalam: 20.24BNCambodia: 1.10KHChina: 9.32CNFiji: 1.62FJFrench Polynesia: 3.46PFGuam: 0.00GUHong Kong SAR, China: 4.60HKIndonesia: 2.87IDJapan: 7.84JPKiribati: 0.59KIKorea, Dem. People's Rep.: 2.50KPKorea, Rep.: 11.36KRLao PDR: 3.35LAMacao SAR, China: 2.53MOMalaysia: 8.32MYMarshall Islands: 0.00MHMicronesia, Fed. Sts.: 0.00FMMongolia: 7.85MNMyanmar: 0.58MMNauru: 0.00NRNew Caledonia: 17.08NCNew Zealand: 6.02NZNorthern Mariana Islands: 0.00MPPalau: 82.84PWPapua New Guinea: 0.52PGPhilippines: 1.50PHSamoa: 1.60WSSingapore: 9.75SGSolomon Islands: 0.38SBThailand: 3.96THTimor-Leste: 0.50TLTonga: 1.63TOTuvalu: 0.00TVVanuatu: 0.87VUViet Nam: 4.27VNEurope & Central AsiaAlbania: 1.79ALArmenia: 2.47AMAustria: 6.32ATAzerbaijan: 3.81AZBelarus: 5.94BYBelgium: 7.31BEBosnia and Herzegovina: 6.45BABulgaria: 5.31BGCroatia: 4.83HRCyprus: 5.40CYCzechia: 7.13CZDenmark: 4.28DKEstonia: 7.76EEFaroe Islands: 0.04FOFinland: 5.54FIFrance: 4.00FRGeorgia: 3.64GEGermany: 6.94DEGibraltar: 16.15GIGreece: 5.05GRGreenland: 10.45GLHungary: 4.46HUIceland: 8.52ISIreland: 6.04IEItaly: 5.08ITKazakhstan: 12.57KZKyrgyz Republic: 1.49KGLatvia: 3.65LVLithuania: 4.49LTLuxembourg: 10.56LUMoldova: 3.42MDNetherlands: 6.60NLNorth Macedonia: 4.00MKNorway: 7.18NOPoland: 7.55PLPortugal: 3.32PTRomania: 3.72RORussian Federation: 14.00RUSlovak Republic: 5.51SKSlovenia: 6.27SISpain: 4.51ESSweden: 3.57SESwitzerland: 3.75CHTajikistan: 0.92TJTurkiye: 5.38TRTurkmenistan: 10.86TMUkraine: 3.13UAUnited Kingdom: 4.22GBUzbekistan: 4.09UZLatin America & CaribbeanAntigua and Barbuda: 3.80AGArgentina: 4.01ARAruba: 5.15AWBahamas, The: 3.64BSBarbados: 2.52BBBelize: 0.93BZBolivia: 2.29BOBrazil: 2.32BRBritish Virgin Islands: 2.33VGCayman Islands: 5.00KYChile: 3.94CLColombia: 1.80COCosta Rica: 1.63CRCuba: 1.91CUDominica: 1.27DMDominican Republic: 2.99DOEcuador: 2.64ECEl Salvador: 1.51SVGrenada: 1.50GDGuatemala: 1.11GTGuyana: 4.56GYHaiti: 0.30HTHonduras: 1.14HNJamaica: 2.84JMMexico: 3.64MXNicaragua: 0.83NIPanama: 2.74PAParaguay: 1.16PYPeru: 2.02PEPuerto Rico (US): 4.82PRSt. Kitts and Nevis: 2.88KNSt. Lucia: 1.71LCSt. Vincent and the Grenadines: 1.31VCSuriname: 4.06SRTrinidad and Tobago: 19.58TTTurks and Caicos Islands: 4.92TCUruguay: 2.57UYVenezuela, RB: 3.39VEVirgin Islands (U.S.): 0.00VIMiddle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & PakistanAfghanistan: 0.28AFAlgeria: 3.98DZBahrain: 23.90BHDjibouti: 0.77DJEgypt, Arab Rep.: 2.50EGIran, Islamic Rep.: 9.05IRIraq: 5.18IQIsrael: 5.78ILJordan: 2.09JOKuwait: 23.67KWLebanon: 1.90LBLibya: 8.66LYMalta: 3.18MTMorocco: 1.84MAOman: 18.65OMPakistan: 0.81PKQatar: 47.33QASaudi Arabia: 18.48SASyrian Arab Republic: 1.27SYTunisia: 2.62TNUnited Arab Emirates: 18.26AEYemen, Rep.: 0.26YENorth AmericaBermuda: 4.14BMCanada: 14.00CAUnited States: 13.62USSouth AsiaBangladesh: 0.72BDBhutan: 2.01BTIndia: 2.17INMaldives: 3.57MVNepal: 0.54NPSri Lanka: 1.06LKSub-Saharan AfricaAngola: 0.74AOBenin: 0.49BJBotswana: 2.74BWBurkina Faso: 0.27BFBurundi: 0.07BICabo Verde: 1.29CVCameroon: 0.35CMCentral African Republic: 0.06CFChad: 0.14TDComoros: 0.51KMCongo, Dem. Rep.: 0.06CDCongo, Rep.: 1.34CGCote d'Ivoire: 0.59CIEquatorial Guinea: 2.55GQEritrea: 0.22EREswatini: 0.88SZEthiopia: 0.15ETGabon: 2.05GAGambia, The: 0.18GMGhana: 0.70GHGuinea: 0.35GNGuinea-Bissau: 0.16GWKenya: 0.38KELesotho: 0.43LSLiberia: 0.15LRMadagascar: 0.15MGMalawi: 0.22MWMali: 0.30MLMauritania: 0.97MRMauritius: 3.54MUMozambique: 0.29MZNamibia: 1.20NANiger: 0.12NENigeria: 0.57NGRwanda: 0.16RWSao Tome and Principe: 0.63STSenegal: 0.77SNSeychelles: 7.24SCSierra Leone: 0.17SLSomalia, Fed. Rep.: 0.05SOSouth Africa: 6.88ZASudan: 0.43SDTanzania: 0.31TZTogo: 0.28TGUganda: 0.17UGZambia: 0.54ZMZimbabwe: 0.77ZW

Lighter = lower value · Darker = higher value. Hover a cell to see the country and value.

Highest Values — 2024

# Country Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita)
1 Palau East Asia & Pacific 82.84
2 Qatar Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 47.33
3 Bahrain Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 23.90
4 Kuwait Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 23.67
5 Brunei Darussalam East Asia & Pacific 20.24
6 Trinidad and Tobago Latin America & Caribbean 19.58
7 Oman Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 18.65
8 Saudi Arabia Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 18.48
9 United Arab Emirates Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 18.26
10 New Caledonia East Asia & Pacific 17.08

Looking for a specific country? Only the top and bottom 10 appear here. See where every country ranks for Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita).

View complete rankings →

Biggest Movers — Year over Year

Largest increases

Largest decreases

By Income Group — Average

Income group Countries Mean
High income 77 8.54
Upper middle income 51 3.70
Lower middle income 49 1.15
Low income 24 0.33
Not classified 2 1.77

By Region — Average

Region Countries Mean
East Asia & Pacific 37 6.30
Europe & Central Asia 49 5.70
Latin America & Caribbean 39 2.99
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan 22 9.11
North America 3 10.58
South Asia 6 1.68
Sub-Saharan Africa 47 0.91

Lowest Values — 2024

# Country Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita)
1 Nauru 0.00
2 Tuvalu 0.00
3 Micronesia, Fed. Sts. 0.00
4 Guam 0.00
5 Virgin Islands (U.S.) 0.00
6 American Samoa 0.00
7 Northern Mariana Islands 0.00
8 Marshall Islands 0.00
9 Faroe Islands 0.04
10 Somalia, Fed. Rep. 0.05
Download full dataset: CSV JSON

Source: World Bank Open Data (EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5), CC BY 4.0. Rankings show countries with available data for 2024.