🇪🇸Spain: All Indicators

Arable land (% of land area) 2023 23.01 Arable land (hectares per person) 2023 0.24 Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area) 2015 0.82 Rural land area (sq. km) 2015 488,925.71 Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area) 2015 0.65 Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km) 2015 3,273.43 Surface area (sq. km) 2023 505,975.98 Urban land area (sq. km) 2015 15,655.07 Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area) 2015 0.17 Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km) 2015 844.28

Adjusted net national income per capita (annual % growth) 2021 5.68 Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI) 2021 0.67 Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 2021 16.96 Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI) 2021 4.00 Adjusted savings: energy depletion (% of GNI) 2021 0.00 Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2021 0.04 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 2024 2.75 Coal rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.00 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 2024 37.06 Forest rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.02 GDP (constant 2015 US$) 2024 1.43T GDP (current US$) 2024 1.73T GDP growth (annual %) 2024 3.46 GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$) 2024 29,245.22 GDP per capita (current US$) 2024 35,326.77 GDP per capita growth (annual %) 2024 2.40 GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $) 2024 48,460.29 GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) 2024 57,965.29 GDP, PPP (constant 2021 international $) 2024 2.37T GDP, PPP (current international $) 2024 2.83T GNI (current US$) 2024 1.72T GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) 2024 33,550.00 GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) 2024 57,670.00 GNI, Atlas method (current US$) 2024 1.64T GNI, PPP (current international $) 2024 2.82T Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 2024 32.89 Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) 2024 19.45 Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) 2024 2.89 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) 2024 2.77 Mineral rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.10 Natural gas rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.00 Oil rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.00 Services, value added (% of GDP) 2024 68.90 Total natural resources rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.12 Trade (% of GDP) 2024 69.95

Compulsory education, duration (years) 2025 10.00 Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) 2022 4.59 Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) 2021 99.70 Preprimary education, duration (years) 2025 6.00 Primary education, duration (years) 2025 6.00 School enrollment, primary (% gross) 2024 102.94 School enrollment, secondary (% gross) 2024 118.54 Secondary education, duration (years) 2025 6.00

Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population) 2023 100.00 Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rural (% of rural population) 2023 100.00 Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, urban (% of urban population) 2023 100.00 Access to electricity (% of population) 2023 100.00 Access to electricity, rural (% of rural population) 2023 100.00 Access to electricity, urban (% of urban population) 2023 100.00 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 2024 5,196.11 Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total) 2021 35.04 Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh) 2021 96.12B Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output) 2021 47.01

Bird species, threatened 2022 24.00 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 -4.09 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 220.08 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) 2024 4.51 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 28.60 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 18.90 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 25.83 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e) 2024 19.48 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 30.93 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 95.32 Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e) 2023 -51.48 Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2015 US$ of GDP) 2024 0.15 Fish species, threatened 2022 98.00 Mammal species, threatened 2022 18.00 Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 11.48 Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 42.81 Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e) 2024 27.33 Methane (CH4) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.81 Methane (CH4) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 1.37 Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.10 Methane (CH4) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.11 Methane (CH4) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.16 Methane (CH4) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e) 2024 12.89 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 -6.69 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 18.87 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e) 2024 13.35 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.67 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.01 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.14 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e) 2024 2.14 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.12 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.89 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e) 2024 1.54 PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter) 2020 9.58 PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO guideline value (% of total) 2017 41.12 Plant species (higher), threatened 2022 287.00 Population density (people per sq. km of land area) 2023 96.76 Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) 2015 4.00 Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) 2015 0.63 Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) 2025 22.10 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 2025 28.10 Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 -3.02 Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 285.64 Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) 2024 5.85 Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) 2015 3.37

Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) 2024 4.85 Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) 2024 51.67 Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) 2024 32.07 Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) 2024 19.60 Asylum-seekers by country or territory of origin 2024 1,979.00 Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) 2024 6.50 Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total) 2021 12.84 Cause of death, by injury (% of total) 2021 3.55 Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total) 2021 83.61 Cause of death, by other COVID-19 pandemic-related outcomes (% of total) 2021 0.00 Current health expenditure (% of GDP) 2023 9.22 Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) 2024 8.90 Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79) 2024 9.70 Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 2024 1.10 Hospital beds (per 1,000 people) 2023 2.91 Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months) 2024 94.00 Immunization, HepB3 (% of one-year-old children) 2024 94.00 Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 2024 97.00 International migrant stock (% of population) 2024 18.50 International migrant stock, total 2024 8.87M Life expectancy at birth, female (years) 2024 86.50 Life expectancy at birth, male (years) 2024 81.40 Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 2024 83.89 Lifetime risk of maternal death (%) 2023 0.00 Lifetime risk of maternal death (1 in: rate varies by country) 2023 38,118.00 Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births) 2023 3.00 Mortality caused by road traffic injury (per 100,000 population) 2019 3.90 Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70 (%) 2021 9.30 Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70, female (%) 2021 6.20 Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70, male (%) 2021 12.40 Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized (per 100,000 population) 2019 10.10 Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, female (per 100,000 female population) 2019 7.00 Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, male (per 100,000 male population) 2019 13.90 Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning (per 100,000 population) 2021 0.34 Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning, female (per 100,000 female population) 2021 0.22 Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning, male (per 100,000 male population) 2021 0.46 Mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene (per 100,000 population) 2019 3.20 Mortality rate, adult, female (per 1,000 female adults) 2023 34.23 Mortality rate, adult, male (per 1,000 male adults) 2023 65.66 Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) 2024 2.60 Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births) 2024 2.40 Mortality rate, infant, male (per 1,000 live births) 2024 2.80 Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births) 2024 1.70 Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) 2024 3.20 Mortality rate, under-5, female (per 1,000 live births) 2024 2.90 Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000 live births) 2024 3.50 Net migration 2025 96,630.00 Number of deaths ages 10-14 years 2024 203.00 Number of deaths ages 15-19 years 2024 447.00 Number of deaths ages 20-24 years 2024 719.00 Number of deaths ages 5-9 years 2024 148.00 Number of infant deaths 2024 878.00 Number of maternal deaths 2023 9.00 Number of neonatal deaths 2024 575.00 Number of under-five deaths 2024 1,073.00 People practicing open defecation (% of population) 2024 0.00 People using at least basic drinking water services (% of population) 2024 99.92 People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population) 2024 99.92 Physicians (per 1,000 people) 2022 4.29 Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) 2024 12.92 Population ages 0-14, female 2024 3.06M Population ages 0-14, female (% of female population) 2024 12.32 Population ages 0-14, male 2024 3.25M Population ages 0-14, male (% of male population) 2024 13.54 Population ages 0-14, total 2024 6.31M Population ages 15-64 (% of total population) 2024 65.93 Population ages 15-64, female 2024 15.99M Population ages 15-64, female (% of female population) 2024 64.30 Population ages 15-64, male 2024 16.22M Population ages 15-64, male (% of male population) 2024 67.63 Population ages 15-64, total 2024 32.21M Population ages 65 and above (% of total population) 2024 21.15 Population ages 65 and above, female 2024 5.81M Population ages 65 and above, female (% of female population) 2024 23.38 Population ages 65 and above, male 2024 4.52M Population ages 65 and above, male (% of male population) 2024 18.83 Population ages 65 and above, total 2024 10.33M Population growth (annual %) 2024 1.02 Population, female 2024 24.87M Population, female (% of total population) 2024 50.90 Population, male 2024 23.98M Population, male (% of total population) 2024 49.10 Population, total 2024 48.85M Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children ages 6-59 months) 2019 14.60 Prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant women (% of women ages 15-49) 2023 15.60 Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%) 2023 16.30 Prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age (% of women ages 15-49) 2023 15.60 Probability of dying among adolescents ages 10-14 years (per 1,000) 2024 0.40 Probability of dying among adolescents ages 15-19 years (per 1,000) 2024 0.90 Probability of dying among children ages 5-9 years (per 1,000) 2024 0.40 Probability of dying among youth ages 20-24 years (per 1,000) 2024 1.40 Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 2025 44.29 Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of origin 2024 174.00 Rural population 2024 9.62M Rural population (% of total population) 2024 19.68 Rural population growth (annual %) 2024 0.08 Sex ratio at birth (male births per female births) 2024 1.07 Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population) 2021 8.72 Suicide mortality rate, female (per 100,000 female population) 2021 4.47 Suicide mortality rate, male (per 100,000 male population) 2021 13.12 Survival to age 65, female (% of cohort) 2024 94.49 Survival to age 65, male (% of cohort) 2024 88.84 Total alcohol consumption per capita (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, 15+ years of age) 2020 9.16 Total alcohol consumption per capita, female (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, female 15+ years of age) 2020 4.09 Total alcohol consumption per capita, male (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, male 15+ years of age) 2020 14.52 UHC service coverage index 2023 84.00 Urban population 2024 39.23M Urban population (% of total population) 2024 80.32 Urban population growth (annual %) 2024 1.25

Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 3.37 Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 1.95 Employment in agriculture, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 4.61 Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 52.83 Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 62.23 Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 10.38

Gini index 2023 33.40 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) 2022 20.20

Central government debt, total (% of GDP) 2024 105.64 Military expenditure (% of GDP) 2024 1.43

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) 2024 95.76 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 2024 130.26 Scientific and technical journal articles 2022 67,099.71 Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people) 2024 29,986.38

Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 2024 2.48 Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) 2024 42.78B High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) 2024 9.28 Merchandise exports (current US$) 2024 424.23B Merchandise exports by the reporting economy (current US$) 2023 407.89B Merchandise exports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 0.04 Merchandise exports to economies in the Arab World (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 5.81 Merchandise exports to high-income economies (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 83.85 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 2.82 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 2.99 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 4.14 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 4.35 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 0.59 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 1.21 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 13.12 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 2.99 Merchandise imports (current US$) 2024 471.91B Merchandise imports by the reporting economy (current US$) 2023 468.47B Merchandise imports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 0.15 Merchandise imports from economies in the Arab World (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 6.50 Merchandise imports from high-income economies (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 70.93 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 10.82 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 3.54 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 4.39 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 5.05 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 2.27 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 2.86 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 25.39 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 3.54 Merchandise trade (% of GDP) 2024 51.93 Personal remittances, paid (current US$) 2024 588.21M