🇲🇬Madagascar: All Indicators

Arable land (% of land area) 2023 5.16 Arable land (hectares per person) 2023 0.10 Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area) 2015 1.26 Rural land area (sq. km) 2015 588,612.86 Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area) 2015 1.24 Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km) 2015 7,327.82 Surface area (sq. km) 2023 587,295.00 Urban land area (sq. km) 2015 1,660.59 Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area) 2015 0.02 Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km) 2015 106.03

Adjusted net national income per capita (annual % growth) 2021 3.47 Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI) 2021 1.37 Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 2021 6.19 Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI) 2021 2.08 Adjusted savings: energy depletion (% of GNI) 2021 0.05 Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2021 0.00 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 2024 22.46 Coal rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.00 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 2024 23.26 Forest rents (% of GDP) 2021 5.45 GDP (constant 2015 US$) 2024 14.49B GDP (current US$) 2024 17.42B GDP growth (annual %) 2024 4.20 GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$) 2024 453.38 GDP per capita (current US$) 2024 544.99 GDP per capita growth (annual %) 2024 1.69 GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $) 2024 1,657.05 GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) 2024 1,883.54 GDP, PPP (constant 2021 international $) 2024 52.97B GDP, PPP (current international $) 2024 60.21B GNI (current US$) 2024 16.97B GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) 2024 510.00 GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) 2024 1,830.00 GNI, Atlas method (current US$) 2024 16.43B GNI, PPP (current international $) 2024 58.64B Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 2024 31.72 Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) 2024 22.79 Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) 2024 7.63 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) 2024 7.61 Mineral rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.00 Natural gas rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.00 Oil rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.08 Services, value added (% of GDP) 2024 47.72 Total natural resources rents (% of GDP) 2021 5.53 Trade (% of GDP) 2024 54.98

Compulsory education, duration (years) 2025 5.00 Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) 2023 3.05 Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) 2021 74.69 Preprimary education, duration (years) 2025 3.00 Primary education, duration (years) 2025 5.00 School enrollment, primary (% gross) 2024 132.74 School enrollment, secondary (% gross) 2021 34.13 Secondary education, duration (years) 2025 7.00

Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population) 2023 1.60 Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rural (% of rural population) 2023 0.50 Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, urban (% of urban population) 2023 4.30 Access to electricity (% of population) 2023 39.40 Access to electricity, rural (% of rural population) 2023 14.60 Access to electricity, urban (% of urban population) 2023 75.60 Electric power consumption (kWh per capita) 2023 80.07 Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total) 2021 3.56 Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh) 2021 89.51M Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output) 2021 34.11

Bird species, threatened 2022 37.00 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 415.77 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 4.68 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) 2024 0.15 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.44 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.68 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.13 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 1.87 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 1.57 Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e) 2023 34.34 Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2015 US$ of GDP) 2024 0.32 Fish species, threatened 2022 127.00 Mammal species, threatened 2022 133.00 Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 48.96 Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 25.40 Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e) 2024 17.89 Methane (CH4) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 1.74 Methane (CH4) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 3.06 Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.02 Methane (CH4) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Methane (CH4) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.01 Methane (CH4) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e) 2024 2.67 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 -4.25 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 4.72 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e) 2024 3.67 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.21 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.04 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.02 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.45 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.12 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.02 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.20 PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter) 2020 12.75 PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO guideline value (% of total) 2017 100.00 Plant species (higher), threatened 2022 2,894.00 Population density (people per sq. km of land area) 2023 53.62 Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) 2015 4.29 Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) 2015 2.20 Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) 2025 5.10 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 2025 12.80 Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 56.41 Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 35.79 Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) 2024 1.12 Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) 2015 2.10

Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) 2024 128.69 Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) 2024 74.40 Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) 2024 5.94 Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) 2024 68.47 Asylum-seekers by country or territory of origin 2024 295.00 Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) 2024 31.71 Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total) 2021 50.41 Cause of death, by injury (% of total) 2021 7.72 Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total) 2021 39.96 Cause of death, by other COVID-19 pandemic-related outcomes (% of total) 2021 1.91 Current health expenditure (% of GDP) 2023 3.43 Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) 2024 7.47 Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79) 2024 4.60 Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 2024 3.91 Hospital beds (per 1,000 people) 2014 0.32 Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months) 2024 60.00 Immunization, HepB3 (% of one-year-old children) 2024 60.00 Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 2024 46.00 International migrant stock (% of population) 2024 0.10 International migrant stock, total 2024 38,625.00 Life expectancy at birth, female (years) 2024 65.60 Life expectancy at birth, male (years) 2024 62.12 Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 2024 63.84 Lifetime risk of maternal death (%) 2023 1.81 Lifetime risk of maternal death (1 in: rate varies by country) 2023 55.00 Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births) 2023 445.00 Mortality caused by road traffic injury (per 100,000 population) 2019 29.20 Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70 (%) 2021 25.90 Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70, female (%) 2021 25.80 Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70, male (%) 2021 26.10 Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized (per 100,000 population) 2019 208.00 Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, female (per 100,000 female population) 2019 193.30 Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, male (per 100,000 male population) 2019 225.00 Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning (per 100,000 population) 2021 1.37 Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning, female (per 100,000 female population) 2021 1.21 Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning, male (per 100,000 male population) 2021 1.53 Mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene (per 100,000 population) 2019 40.10 Mortality rate, adult, female (per 1,000 female adults) 2024 205.15 Mortality rate, adult, male (per 1,000 male adults) 2024 256.68 Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) 2024 43.00 Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births) 2024 38.40 Mortality rate, infant, male (per 1,000 live births) 2024 47.30 Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births) 2024 23.10 Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) 2024 62.40 Mortality rate, under-5, female (per 1,000 live births) 2024 57.10 Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000 live births) 2024 67.40 Net migration 2025 -2,227.00 Number of deaths ages 10-14 years 2024 5,526.00 Number of deaths ages 15-19 years 2024 4,966.00 Number of deaths ages 20-24 years 2024 5,755.00 Number of deaths ages 5-9 years 2024 9,659.00 Number of infant deaths 2024 42,981.00 Number of maternal deaths 2023 4,500.00 Number of neonatal deaths 2024 23,361.00 Number of under-five deaths 2024 61,923.00 People practicing open defecation (% of population) 2024 27.01 People using at least basic drinking water services (% of population) 2024 55.34 People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population) 2024 15.37 Physicians (per 1,000 people) 2022 0.17 Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) 2024 39.26 Population ages 0-14, female 2024 6.19M Population ages 0-14, female (% of female population) 2024 38.86 Population ages 0-14, male 2024 6.36M Population ages 0-14, male (% of male population) 2024 39.65 Population ages 0-14, total 2024 12.55M Population ages 15-64 (% of total population) 2024 57.34 Population ages 15-64, female 2024 9.16M Population ages 15-64, female (% of female population) 2024 57.48 Population ages 15-64, male 2024 9.17M Population ages 15-64, male (% of male population) 2024 57.19 Population ages 15-64, total 2024 18.33M Population ages 65 and above (% of total population) 2024 3.41 Population ages 65 and above, female 2024 582,514.00 Population ages 65 and above, female (% of female population) 2024 3.66 Population ages 65 and above, male 2024 505,942.00 Population ages 65 and above, male (% of male population) 2024 3.16 Population ages 65 and above, total 2024 1.09M Population growth (annual %) 2024 2.44 Population, female 2024 15.93M Population, female (% of total population) 2024 49.84 Population, male 2024 16.03M Population, male (% of total population) 2024 50.16 Population, total 2024 31.96M Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children ages 6-59 months) 2019 49.50 Prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant women (% of women ages 15-49) 2023 37.00 Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%) 2023 39.30 Prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age (% of women ages 15-49) 2023 37.20 Probability of dying among adolescents ages 10-14 years (per 1,000) 2024 7.30 Probability of dying among adolescents ages 15-19 years (per 1,000) 2024 7.30 Probability of dying among children ages 5-9 years (per 1,000) 2024 11.60 Probability of dying among youth ages 20-24 years (per 1,000) 2024 9.40 Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 2025 14.11 Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of origin 2024 604.00 Rural population 2024 21.60M Rural population (% of total population) 2024 67.57 Rural population growth (annual %) 2024 1.77 Sex ratio at birth (male births per female births) 2024 1.04 Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population) 2021 6.09 Suicide mortality rate, female (per 100,000 female population) 2021 3.48 Suicide mortality rate, male (per 100,000 male population) 2021 8.69 Survival to age 65, female (% of cohort) 2024 67.10 Survival to age 65, male (% of cohort) 2024 60.43 Total alcohol consumption per capita (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, 15+ years of age) 2020 0.99 Total alcohol consumption per capita, female (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, female 15+ years of age) 2020 0.34 Total alcohol consumption per capita, male (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, male 15+ years of age) 2020 1.65 UHC service coverage index 2023 33.00 Urban population 2024 10.37M Urban population (% of total population) 2024 32.43 Urban population growth (annual %) 2024 3.85

Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 69.21 Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 68.30 Employment in agriculture, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 70.06 Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 82.91 Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 88.09 Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 3.04

Gini index 2021 36.80 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) 2021 75.20

Military expenditure (% of GDP) 2024 0.71

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) 2024 18.68 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 2023 75.46 Scientific and technical journal articles 2022 156.66 Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people) 2024 25.06

Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 2024 3.48 Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) 2024 606.21M High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) 2024 0.96 Merchandise exports (current US$) 2024 2.58B Merchandise exports by the reporting economy (current US$) 2023 3.09B Merchandise exports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 0.00 Merchandise exports to economies in the Arab World (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 1.61 Merchandise exports to high-income economies (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 74.47 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 13.66 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 0.37 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 0.59 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 0.44 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 4.73 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 5.75 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 19.78 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 5.75 Merchandise imports (current US$) 2024 4.83B Merchandise imports by the reporting economy (current US$) 2023 4.70B Merchandise imports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 0.00 Merchandise imports from economies in the Arab World (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 24.13 Merchandise imports from high-income economies (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 46.22 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 26.55 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 1.56 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 2.53 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 2.92 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 12.11 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 8.12 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 45.66 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 8.12 Merchandise trade (% of GDP) 2024 42.56 Net ODA received (% of GNI) 2023 8.07 Personal remittances, paid (current US$) 2024 86.16M Real interest rate (%) 2024 48.66