🇹🇴Tonga: All Indicators

Arable land (% of land area) 2023 27.78 Arable land (hectares per person) 2023 0.19 Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area) 2015 17.54 Rural land area (sq. km) 2015 701.79 Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area) 2015 16.69 Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km) 2015 122.07 Surface area (sq. km) 2023 750.00 Urban land area (sq. km) 2015 29.65 Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area) 2015 0.85 Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km) 2015 6.20

Adjusted net national income per capita (annual % growth) 2021 -10.48 Adjusted savings: carbon dioxide damage (% of GNI) 2021 1.51 Adjusted savings: consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 2021 8.74 Adjusted savings: education expenditure (% of GNI) 2021 2.93 Adjusted savings: energy depletion (% of GNI) 2021 0.00 Adjusted savings: mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2021 0.00 Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) 2023 18.96 Coal rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.00 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 2023 14.74 Forest rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.04 GDP (constant 2015 US$) 2023 489.55M GDP (current US$) 2023 591.14M GDP growth (annual %) 2023 2.79 GDP per capita (constant 2015 US$) 2023 4,680.30 GDP per capita (current US$) 2023 5,651.59 GDP per capita growth (annual %) 2023 3.23 GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $) 2023 7,030.42 GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) 2023 7,802.67 GDP, PPP (constant 2021 international $) 2023 735.36M GDP, PPP (current international $) 2023 816.14M GNI (current US$) 2023 636.67M GNI per capita, Atlas method (current US$) 2023 5,910.00 GNI per capita, PPP (current international $) 2023 8,400.00 GNI, Atlas method (current US$) 2023 618.51M GNI, PPP (current international $) 2023 879.00M Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 2023 64.88 Industry (including construction), value added (% of GDP) 2023 14.87 Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) 2023 7.43 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) 2024 3.23 Mineral rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.00 Natural gas rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.00 Oil rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.00 Services, value added (% of GDP) 2023 49.99 Total natural resources rents (% of GDP) 2021 0.04 Trade (% of GDP) 2023 79.62

Compulsory education, duration (years) 2025 15.00 Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) 2022 5.31 Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) 2023 99.48 Preprimary education, duration (years) 2025 2.00 Primary education, duration (years) 2025 6.00 School enrollment, primary (% gross) 2024 108.79 School enrollment, secondary (% gross) 2024 92.43 Secondary education, duration (years) 2025 7.00

Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking (% of population) 2023 90.10 Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, rural (% of rural population) 2023 88.70 Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, urban (% of urban population) 2023 95.60 Access to electricity (% of population) 2023 100.00 Access to electricity, rural (% of rural population) 2023 100.00 Access to electricity, urban (% of urban population) 2023 100.00 Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total) 2021 14.20 Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh) 2021 10.49M Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output) 2021 14.20

Bird species, threatened 2022 5.00 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 90.57 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.17 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) 2024 1.63 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.02 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.02 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.04 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.09 Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e) 2023 -2.00 Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2015 US$ of GDP) 2023 0.33 Fish species, threatened 2022 29.00 Mammal species, threatened 2022 2.00 Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 14.04 Methane (CH4) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.10 Methane (CH4) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.06 Methane (CH4) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Methane (CH4) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Methane (CH4) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Methane (CH4) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Methane (CH4) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.04 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 31.28 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.03 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Agriculture (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.02 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Fugitive Emissions (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Industrial Processes (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Power Industry (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Waste (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.00 PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter) 2020 12.48 PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO guideline value (% of total) 2017 99.81 Plant species (higher), threatened 2022 10.00 Population density (people per sq. km of land area) 2023 145.27 Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) 2015 17.50 Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) 2015 6.13 Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area) 2025 0.10 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 2025 13.30 Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990) 2024 50.90 Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e) 2024 0.29 Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF per capita (t CO2e/capita) 2024 2.81 Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population) 2015 11.37

Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) 2024 25.07 Age dependency ratio (% of working-age population) 2024 72.77 Age dependency ratio, old (% of working-age population) 2024 11.60 Age dependency ratio, young (% of working-age population) 2024 61.16 Asylum-seekers by country or territory of origin 2024 1,712.00 Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) 2024 23.04 Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total) 2021 9.99 Cause of death, by injury (% of total) 2021 5.40 Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total) 2021 84.61 Cause of death, by other COVID-19 pandemic-related outcomes (% of total) 2021 0.00 Current health expenditure (% of GDP) 2023 7.36 Death rate, crude (per 1,000 people) 2024 6.44 Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79) 2024 19.60 Fertility rate, total (births per woman) 2024 3.10 Hospital beds (per 1,000 people) 2010 2.48 Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months) 2024 99.00 Immunization, HepB3 (% of one-year-old children) 2024 99.00 Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months) 2024 99.00 International migrant stock (% of population) 2024 3.40 International migrant stock, total 2024 3,581.00 Life expectancy at birth, female (years) 2024 76.54 Life expectancy at birth, male (years) 2024 69.50 Life expectancy at birth, total (years) 2024 73.07 Lifetime risk of maternal death (%) 2023 0.19 Lifetime risk of maternal death (1 in: rate varies by country) 2023 527.00 Maternal mortality ratio (modeled estimate, per 100,000 live births) 2023 67.00 Mortality caused by road traffic injury (per 100,000 population) 2019 33.00 Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70 (%) 2021 26.90 Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70, female (%) 2021 23.10 Mortality from CVD, cancer, diabetes or CRD between exact ages 30 and 70, male (%) 2021 31.00 Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized (per 100,000 population) 2019 52.30 Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, female (per 100,000 female population) 2019 36.80 Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution, age-standardized, male (per 100,000 male population) 2019 70.00 Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning (per 100,000 population) 2021 1.26 Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning, female (per 100,000 female population) 2021 0.76 Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning, male (per 100,000 male population) 2021 1.80 Mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene (per 100,000 population) 2019 7.10 Mortality rate, adult, female (per 1,000 female adults) 2024 110.57 Mortality rate, adult, male (per 1,000 male adults) 2024 210.76 Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) 2024 7.80 Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births) 2024 6.90 Mortality rate, infant, male (per 1,000 live births) 2024 8.60 Mortality rate, neonatal (per 1,000 live births) 2024 4.10 Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births) 2024 9.50 Mortality rate, under-5, female (per 1,000 live births) 2024 8.50 Mortality rate, under-5, male (per 1,000 live births) 2024 10.50 Net migration 2025 -2,150.00 Number of deaths ages 10-14 years 2024 2.00 Number of deaths ages 15-19 years 2024 6.00 Number of deaths ages 20-24 years 2024 10.00 Number of deaths ages 5-9 years 2024 3.00 Number of infant deaths 2024 19.00 Number of maternal deaths 2023 2.00 Number of neonatal deaths 2024 10.00 Number of under-five deaths 2024 23.00 People practicing open defecation (% of population) 2024 0.08 People using at least basic drinking water services (% of population) 2024 98.86 People using at least basic sanitation services (% of population) 2024 93.93 Physicians (per 1,000 people) 2021 1.01 Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) 2024 35.40 Population ages 0-14, female 2024 17,813.00 Population ages 0-14, female (% of female population) 2024 32.41 Population ages 0-14, male 2024 19,069.00 Population ages 0-14, male (% of male population) 2024 38.75 Population ages 0-14, total 2024 36,881.00 Population ages 15-64 (% of total population) 2024 57.88 Population ages 15-64, female 2024 33,102.00 Population ages 15-64, female (% of female population) 2024 60.23 Population ages 15-64, male 2024 27,195.00 Population ages 15-64, male (% of male population) 2024 55.26 Population ages 15-64, total 2024 60,298.00 Population ages 65 and above (% of total population) 2024 6.72 Population ages 65 and above, female 2024 4,047.00 Population ages 65 and above, female (% of female population) 2024 7.36 Population ages 65 and above, male 2024 2,949.00 Population ages 65 and above, male (% of male population) 2024 5.99 Population ages 65 and above, total 2024 6,996.00 Population growth (annual %) 2024 -0.40 Population, female 2024 54,962.00 Population, female (% of total population) 2024 52.76 Population, male 2024 49,213.00 Population, male (% of total population) 2024 47.24 Population, total 2024 104,175.00 Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children ages 6-59 months) 2019 34.00 Prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant women (% of women ages 15-49) 2023 20.60 Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%) 2023 22.60 Prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age (% of women ages 15-49) 2023 20.70 Probability of dying among adolescents ages 10-14 years (per 1,000) 2024 0.60 Probability of dying among adolescents ages 15-19 years (per 1,000) 2024 2.70 Probability of dying among children ages 5-9 years (per 1,000) 2024 1.10 Probability of dying among youth ages 20-24 years (per 1,000) 2024 5.40 Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 2025 3.85 Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of origin 2024 42.00 Rural population 2024 82,141.00 Rural population (% of total population) 2024 78.85 Rural population growth (annual %) 2024 -0.41 Sex ratio at birth (male births per female births) 2024 1.08 Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population) 2021 4.73 Suicide mortality rate, female (per 100,000 female population) 2021 3.52 Suicide mortality rate, male (per 100,000 male population) 2021 6.05 Survival to age 65, female (% of cohort) 2024 83.03 Survival to age 65, male (% of cohort) 2024 69.04 Total alcohol consumption per capita (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, 15+ years of age) 2020 0.36 Total alcohol consumption per capita, female (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, female 15+ years of age) 2020 0.12 Total alcohol consumption per capita, male (liters of pure alcohol, projected estimates, male 15+ years of age) 2020 0.62 UHC service coverage index 2023 71.00 Urban population 2024 22,034.00 Urban population (% of total population) 2024 21.15 Urban population growth (annual %) 2024 -0.39

Employment in agriculture (% of total employment) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 23.61 Employment in agriculture, female (% of female employment) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 12.67 Employment in agriculture, male (% of male employment) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 33.16 Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 42.35 Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 58.98 Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) 2025 2.01

Gini index 2021 27.10 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population) 2021 20.60

Central government debt, total (% of GDP) 2020 43.08

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) 2024 67.44 Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) 2022 61.73 Scientific and technical journal articles 2022 4.63 Secure Internet servers (per 1 million people) 2024 969.52

Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 2023 0.44 Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) 2024 -12.08M High-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) 2023 28.46 Merchandise exports (current US$) 2024 9.00M Merchandise exports by the reporting economy (current US$) 2023 9.38M Merchandise exports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 0.00 Merchandise exports to economies in the Arab World (% of total merchandise exports) 2011 0.09 Merchandise exports to high-income economies (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 91.76 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 8.24 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise exports) 2011 0.01 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise exports) 2011 0.00 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise exports) 2009 0.06 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise exports) 2011 0.01 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise exports) 2011 0.01 Merchandise exports to low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise exports) 2023 8.24 Merchandise imports (current US$) 2024 295.00M Merchandise imports by the reporting economy (current US$) 2023 257.53M Merchandise imports by the reporting economy, residual (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 0.00 Merchandise imports from economies in the Arab World (% of total merchandise imports) 2011 0.02 Merchandise imports from high-income economies (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 69.94 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in East Asia & Pacific (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 30.06 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Europe & Central Asia (% of total merchandise imports) 2011 0.20 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Latin America & the Caribbean (% of total merchandise imports) 2011 0.17 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Middle East & North Africa (% of total merchandise imports) 2011 0.00 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in South Asia (% of total merchandise imports) 2011 0.19 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies in Sub-Saharan Africa (% of total merchandise imports) 2011 0.06 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies outside region (% of total merchandise imports) 2011 0.63 Merchandise imports from low- and middle-income economies within region (% of total merchandise imports) 2023 30.06 Merchandise trade (% of GDP) 2024 46.95 Net ODA received (% of GNI) 2023 20.35 Personal remittances, paid (current US$) 2024 27.76M Real interest rate (%) 2024 -0.45